I have two large plants to water. A liter of water lasts 14 days if I use it on the first plant. It lasts 10 days if I use it on the second plant. How long would it last if I used it for both plants?
Set 05
Rational Equation, Nice
Let 
be an identity in x. Then the number ab equals:
- -246
- -210
- -29
- 210
- 246
Fraction Equals c/d
When x is added to both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction a/b, where a and b are both not equal to 0, the value of the fraction is changed to c/d. Then what is x?
Calendar Square of Dates: Formula
Take a calendar, and draw a square around any nine dates (it will be a 3 x 3 square, right?) Let s be the smallest number in the square. If you add up all the numbers in the square, the answer will always be a multiple of 9. In particular, the sum will be exactly 9 · (s + 8). Why?
Powers of n + i
Given that i2 = -1, for how many integers n is (n + i)4 an integer?
Four 4’s: 21 – 40
In a previous problem, you found mathematical expressions equalling each of the numbers 1 – 20 using exactly four 4’s and any mathematical symbols you wanted to. Now make 21 – 40 following the same rules.
Horses and Harness
Jessica bought two horses and a harness for a total of $4500. The value of the better horse and the harness together was twice the value of the poorer horse. What is the value of the poorer horse? (You don’t need algebra for this: do it in your head!)
Hattie’s Age in 1900
Hattie’s age at her death was 1/29 of the year of her birth. How old was she in 1900?
Heap, Egyptian Equation
What may be the earliest note of an equation is found in the ancient Egyptian records of Ahmes in the following form: “heap, its two-thirds, its half, its seventh, its whole gives 97.” If we interpret “its two-thirds” as “two thirds of the heap” and assume that we are adding all of these amounts, we can find out how big the heap is. Proceed.
Sand Buying
A large sack of sand is $3.25 for 50 pounds; a small sack is $2.29 for 30 pounds. You need 170 pounds of sand. What’s the cheapest way to buy it?