Andrea u Beogradu

In April, Andrea Sims had the chance to visit the Laboratorija za Eksperimentalnu Psihologiju (Laboratory for Experimental Psychology) at the Univerzitet u Beogradu, in Belgrade, Serbia.

As part of her work there, she piloted an experiment that explores the role of syncretism (inflectional homophony) in resolving syntactic case conflicts in Serbian morphosyntax. This project is a collaboration with Matt Goldrick (Northwestern University). She also gave a research talk, conducted other research, met local psycholinguists and learned about work happening in the lab. And worked on her spoken Serbian, of course.

Despite unseasonably cold weather, it was a great visit to the city. It wasn’t Andrea’s first trip to Belgrade, but it was the first time she was able to explore the city in detail — everything from Davis Cup tennis (Serbia beat Spain!) to the Nikola Tesla museum to walking on Ada Ciganlija and exploring Belgrade’s growing Neo-Balkan food scene.

A big thanks to everyone in the lab, and especially Prof. Aleksandar Kostić, for being such generous hosts. Hvala Vam puno!

How inflection class systems work

inflection_class_complexityAndrea Sims and Jeff Parker have a paper, “How inflection class systems work: On the informativity of implicative structure”, in the most recent issue of Word Structure, a special issue on information-theoretic approaches to word and pattern morphology.

Abstract: The complexity of an inflection class system can be defined as the average extent to which elements in the system inhibit motivated inferences about the realization of lexemes’ paradigm cells. Research shows that systems tend to exhibit relatively low complexity in this sense. However, relatively little work has explored how structural and distributional aspects of the inflectional system produce this outcome. In this paper we use the tools of information theory to do so. We explore a set of nine languages that have robust inflection class systems: Palantla Chinantec, French, Modern Greek, Icelandic, Kadiwéu, Nuer, Russian, Seri, and Võro. The data show that the extent to which implicative paradigmatic structure does work to minimize the complexity of the system differs significantly. In fact, the nine languages fall into three graph types based on their implicative structure. Moreover, low type frequency classes disproportionately contribute to the complexity of inflectional systems, but we hypothesize that their freedom to detract in this way may depend on the extent to which implicative structure is systemically important. We thus propose that the amount of ‘work’ done by implicative relations in structuring inflection classes should be considered a typological parameter.

Chandini White presents at Fall Undergraduate Poster Forum

Congrats to undergraduate Chandini White, who presented her summer research at the Fall Undergraduate Poster Forum! Chandini served as a research intern for Andrea Sims in Summer 2016, on a project that used grammatical descriptions to identify examples of defectiveness (missing grammatical forms of words). A goal was to broaden the range of data on defectiveness, in order to enrich the empirical foundation of theoretical models.

In her poster, “Missing word forms: Interpreting the connection across languages,” Chandini reported on the results of that work. Most interestingly, she found similar patterns of defectiveness in unrelated languages — perhaps suggesting a cross-linguistic tendency in what areas of inflectional systems are susceptible to defectiveness. This was her first research presentation, and it was a great success. Well done, Chandini!

In future work she hopes to look more at defectiveness in Dravidian languages.

Jeff Parker earns Ph.D.

Jeff Parker dissertation defense

Jeff Parker (in the tie) with part of his dissertation committee: Brian Joseph, Andrea Sims, and Greg Stump

On May 26, Jeff Parker successfully defended his dissertation, Inflectional complexity and cognitive processing: An experimental and corpus-based investigation of Russian nouns. The dissertation committee consisted of OSU faculty members Andrea Sims (Chair), Brian Joseph, and Mark Pitt, and University of Kentucky faculty member Greg Stump.

Congratulations, Dr. Parker!

Jeff will be officially hooded in August 2016 and will start a faculty position at Brigham Young University in the fall. We wish him good luck and success in all of his future endeavors!

Read the abstract of Jeff’s dissertation

Welcome, Chandini!

Well, it's no mango.

The Slavic Linguistics Lab welcomes its newest member, undergraduate Chandini White! Chandini will be a research intern in summer 2016, working with Andrea Sims on a project looking at the relationship between defectiveness and syncretism in inflectional systems. She will use reference grammars from a diverse range of languages to identify new data. She has already studied more than a dozen languages (mostly through self-study!), and the project will let her put those grammar sleuthing skills to work.

Chandini plans to study linguistics and Russian at Ohio State, and her current research interests include language contact, sociolinguistics, language and identity politics in the Balkans and Ukraine, and grammar systems. She is a frequent participant in Slavic linguistics events at OSU, including being a member of the Slavic Linguistics Forum.

Welcome, Chandini!

If you are an undergraduate student who is interested in a research opportunity, contact Andrea Sims to discuss possibilities. Students can earn course credit — Undergraduate Research (Slavic/Ling 4998(H)) or Linguistics Internship (Ling 3191). Some coursework in linguistics is necessary and some knowledge of a Slavic language is preferred, but no specific courses are required.

Graph of the Day

Russian nominal inflectional structureCheck out this awesome visualization of the inflection class structure of Russian nouns. Pretty (and informative!) graphs make us happy…

The nodes are Russian nominal inflection classes — 87 in total, representing a fairly fine-grained description of inflectional information. The size of the nodes reflects the log type frequency of each class, i.e., how many words it contains. Classes that share at least half of their inflectional exponents are connected by an edge, with a darker line for more overlap.

The graph was produced in R using the igraph package, one of Andrea’s new favorite tools.

Russian is one of nine languages that Andrea Sims and Jeff Parker are investigating for an ongoing project on the implicative structure of inflectional systems (paper in progress).

Inflectional Defectiveness

Inflectional DefectivenessAndrea Sims‘s new book, Inflectional Defectiveness, has just been published by Cambridge University Press. Such a pretty blue cover… And if you are interested in what is between the covers, here is a description of the content:

Paradigmatic gaps (‘missing’ inflected forms) have traditionally been considered to be the random detritus of a language’s history and marginal exceptions to the normal functioning of its inflectional system. Arguing that this is a misperception, Inflectional Defectiveness demonstrates that paradigmatic gaps are in fact normal and expected products of inflectional structure. Sims offers an accessible exploration of how and why inflectional defectiveness arises, why it persists, and how it is learned. The book presents a theory of morphology which is rooted in the implicative structure of the paradigm. This systematic exploration of the topic also addresses questions of inflection class organization, the morphology-syntax interface, the structure of the lexicon, and the nature of productivity. A novel synthesis of established research and new empirical data, this work is significant for researchers and graduate students in all fields of linguistics.

Linguist by day, tourist by night

Why visit St. Petersburg?  There is, of course, the tremendous amount of history, art, architecture, food, etc. to enjoy in such a beautiful city, but there’s also something else that is quite invaluable: lots of native Russian speakers!

Working in the Cognitive Studies Lab at St. Petersburg State University

Working in the Cognitive Studies Lab at St. Petersburg State University

In September Jeff Parker spent just over two weeks in St. Petersburg running experiments about the inflectional complexity of Russian nouns for his dissertation. He ran visual lexical decision tasks, masked priming visual lexical decisions tasks, word naming tasks and a word game (for Ryan Perkins’s project on palatalization). He was hosted by wonderful colleagues in the Cognitive Studies Lab at St. Petersburg State University; many thanks to Natalia Slioussar! The lab was located in the Bobrinsky Palace, just one street from the Neva river.  There was some worry about whether two weeks would be enough time, but with 45 participants and over 100 tasks completed by the end of the stay, the trip was definitely a success.

Touring St. Petersburg, Russia

Touring St. Petersburg, Russia

Given that the trip was almost exactly 10 years since Jeff had been in Russia last, it was nice that his wife Amy was able to come for part of the trip. Running experiments by day and touring Russia by night — the ideal life of a Slavic linguist.

After returning home, Jeff had just a few days to prepare preliminary results for a poster at AIMM3 in Amherst, MA.

Check out the poster: Processing inflectional complexity (Parker 2015, poster at AIMM3).

International Quantitative Morphology Meeting

Jeff in Kalemegdan Park, Belgrade

Jeff in Kalemegdan Park, Belgrade

Jeff Parker and Andrea Sims just returned from Belgrade, Serbia, where they presented a paper at the First International Quantitative Morphology Meeting. The trip had a rough start, including a 26-hour travel delay that involved each being stranded in a different airport. Nonetheless, they made it to Belgrade in time to see some interesting talks, and got to show off some pretty cool graphs about the implicative structure of Russian and Greek nouns.

Slides from the talk: On the interaction of implicative structure and type frequency in inflectional systems (PDF)