History of the British Takeover of Nigeria

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Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It was colonized by the British in 1884 and the colony is established at the Berlin conference which divides Africa by European powers. The British targeted Nigeria because of its resources. The British wanted products like palm oil and palm kernel and export trade in tin, cotton, cocoa, groundnuts, palm oil and so on (Graham, 2009).  The British accomplished the colonization by using its military. Although there was strong resistance from natives against the British, it was all crushed by the British. As a result, the trading post at the Niger River is created and the British economic rule is maintained over the colonies, exploiting Nigerians (Graham, 2009).

After the British conquest of northern and southern Nigeria and the merging of the two to establish Nigerian colonies and protectorate, the British seeks the best interests between direct rule and indirect rule. They will not hesitate to use the means of direct rule if they think that indirect rule cannot guarantee their colonial status. The divide and rule policy is always adopted by the British over the colonization of Nigeria. The consequences of the colonization consist of many parts. Politically, slavery was abolished. Economically, the tax system and transportation system deepened the British’s plunder and control over the economy in Nigeria. Culturally, the British controlled the religious culture in Nigeria through training a group of local people to spread Christianity in Nigeria, opening missionary schools, and other ways.

“Nigeria was granted independence on October 1, 1960 but the journey to achieving the right to self-government started seven years before when Anthony Enahoro moved the motion for self-governance in the British-led parliament in 1953. […] Foremost Nigerians like Obafemi Awolowo, Nnamdi Azikiwe and Tafawa Balewa who like Enahoro were some of the nationalists who fought for the country’s independence” (Omotayo). They were trying their best to convince their colonial Britain of the need for independence but prove and the capability of self-governance. They had to use their knowledge to prove this by presentation at the parliament and with solid logic. On the other hand, British need to consider the gain and loss from the Nigeria since British is under a turbulent era: Nazism in Europe was over, but Communism and the Soviet Union was increasingly powerful (America also). The available resources were limited, so it’s necessary for British to balance the risking of losing their power in the world.

 

Work Cited:

Katie Graham. (2009). “Nigeria: Colonization”. Retrieved from “https://hj2009per6nigeria.weebly.com/colonization.html”.

Omotayo Yusuf. (2017). “How Nigeria got its independence”. Legit. Retrieved from “https://www.legit.ng/1044956-four-nigerians-fought-britain-seven-years-won-pictured.html”.

143 thoughts on “History of the British Takeover of Nigeria”

  3. I’ve no doubt that the sources are good, but other than that, this lacks the proper depth, and the repetition of palm oil “The British wanted products like palm oil and palm kernel and export trade in tin, cotton, cocoa, groundnuts, palm oil” removes credibility

    Reply

    • And Nigeria gain independence with a pen that why they say a pen is mightier than a sword but other African countries had to fight to gain independence

      Reply

    • If Nigeria can gain independence from enlightened British colonial masters with just a pen and intelligent logics without the shed of blood, then definitely without doubt the southeast can also gain independence by a pen too, and not killing innocent souls and destroying properties, Oh God, am so bitter when I saw the military couple killing… please my fellow Igbos and every other agitating regions Let’s make proper use of pen in fighting for our pains…

      God bless Federal republic of Nigeria…

      I remain Nigeria Murmur-gaddaffi…
      J.I.Okeke

      Reply

    • But who writes history in the present tense. Kind of makes me wonder about the author. Also lacks any discussion on the Ibus seling those their tribe conquered to the slave trade. You’re right. No depth.

      Reply

  11. I have read a lot of stories about the colonization of Nigeria, this article “though it’s inconclusive” goes a long way to partially satisfied my curiosity.

    Reply

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  30. If Nigeria can gain independence from enlightened British colonial masters with just a pen and intelligent logics without the shed of blood, then definitely without doubt the southeast can also gain independence by a pen too, and not killing innocent souls and destroying properties, Oh God, am so bitter when I saw the military couple killing… please my fellow Igbos and every other agitating regions Let’s make proper use of pen in fighting for our pains…
    God bless Federal republic of Nigeria…
    I remain Nigeria Murmur-gaddaffi…
    J.I.Okeke

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  40. The claim of gaining independence by pen and logic is still a mirage as the word independence given to Nigeria is only a word, and Nigeria of today is never free from the British indirect rule.

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  64. The British colonization of Nigeria in 1884 exploited resources like palm oil and palm kernel. Resistance was crushed, leading to economic control. Independence was granted in 1960 after nationalist efforts. The consequences included political change, economic exploitation, and cultural influence, shaping Nigeria’s path to self-governance.

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  65. The British colonization of Nigeria in 1884 was driven by economic interests, targeting resources like palm oil, tin, and cocoa. Despite native resistance, British military force established colonies, exploiting Nigeria’s economy and culture. Independence was achieved in 1960, led by nationalists like Enahoro, Awolowo, Azikiwe, and Balewa, navigating a changing global landscape. The legacy of British rule left a lasting impact on Nigeria’s socio-political landscape.

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  68. In 1884, the economic motivations of the British fueled the colonization of Nigeria, with a focus on valuable resources such as palm oil, tin, and cocoa. Despite opposition from the native population, British military intervention successfully established colonies, leading to the exploitation of Nigeria’s economy and culture. The quest for independence gained momentum in 1960, guided by nationalist figures like Enahoro, Awolowo, Azikiwe, and Balewa, who navigated the shifting global dynamics of the time. The enduring influence of British rule has left a profound and lasting impact on Nigeria’s socio-political landscape.

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  71. In 1884, British economic interests led to Nigeria’s colonization for resources like palm oil, tin, and cocoa. Despite resistance, British rule exploited the economy and culture. Independence efforts surged in 1960, spearheaded by figures like Enahoro, Awolowo, Azikiwe, and Balewa. British influence persists, profoundly shaping Nigeria’s socio-political landscape.

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  84. This historical narrative of Nigeria’s colonization and journey to independence offers valuable insights into the complex dynamics of colonialism and nationalism. It highlights the struggles and resistance of Nigerians against British colonial rule, as well as the pivotal role played by nationalist leaders like Anthony Enahoro, Obafemi Awolowo, Nnamdi Azikiwe, and Tafawa Balewa in advocating for self-governance.

    The text eloquently captures the economic exploitation, political control, and cultural imposition imposed by the British, while also shedding light on the efforts of Nigerians to assert their autonomy and demand independence.

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