Glossary

Key Terms Found Throughout Research:

  1. Native American
    • A member of any indigenous peoples of North, Central, and South America, especially those indigenous to what is now the United States
  2. Heritage/Mother Tongue Languages
    • Mother tongues are the language one typically learns first and can hold strong spiritual connections for Native Americans
    • Heritage tongue is when someone is raised in a home where a non-English language is spoken
  3. Language Endangerment
    • The idea that as a language and the members who remain speaking it get older, it has the potential to die out or become “extinct”
  4. Indigenous Languages
    • The many different languages that different groups of indigenous peoples across the United States speak or have spoken in the past
  5. Language Revitalization
    • Efforts across the United States to “revitalize” an endangered language and decrease its risk of becoming extinct
    • To bring back the language and culture that have been lost over the years in indigenous communities
  6. Sovereignty
    • Self rule
    • A vision of Native American societies as autonomous cultures, part of the modern world but holding their traditions, able to work as equals with non-tribal governments