The ritual music, dance, and narrative tradition of the Southwestern provinces were thus reinvented as solo acts of p’ansori, sanjo, and salp’uri. What happened to the group dances and songs from communal workplaces and outdoor plays, the voices of working people? From the onset of industrial machination and urbanization, they were dislocated from their origins in collective labor. Regional songs of fishing, rice transplanting, funerals and burials among others are now showcased as part of regional and national festivals, indoor or outdoor. Repertoires regularly included on Korean traditional performance stages are kanggangsullae (women’s circle dance), t’alch’um (mask dance), and p’ungmul (group percussion). They are spectacular reminders of the preindustrial Korean village life and productivity.