Blog Post 4: Analyzing the Neighborhood Food Environment

This blog study will cover one of the most infamous impoverished neighborhoods in Columbus, Linden.  North and South Linden combined averages a crime rate that’s about 120% over the national average.  The level of poverty can be inferred by the visible food deserts and the unmaintained sidewalks, as well as the vast number of empty lots.  The traffic in this neighborhood along its main street, Cleveland Ave, has moderate to high traffic, with low lighting that’s only prominent in commercial areas.

The only prominent source of healthy food come from grocery stores.  There aren’t many grocery stores in Linden besides Save A Lot and many small local food marts.  None of these options have any efficient healthy options inside of them as they sell mostly foods that are cheap and high in calories.  The only healthy foods in Linden are found in the produce section of Save A Lot, which aren’t the best quality of foods than a healthy grocery store such as Whole Foods Market, and take a lot of time and culinary experience to produce meals.  There are a few local healthy restaurants, however they aren’t as commercial and convenient as a Taco Bell or McDonalds to be recognized.  Because of this lack of commercial grocery stores as well as a lack of healthy food options, this neighborhood of Columbus is food insecure.

Linden can be considered both a food desert and a food swamp in certain aspects.  Because Linden has Save A Lot with a produce section, there is access to nutritious food, however that access is very lackluster and thin. Linden is very prominent in fast food chains, which allows it to be called a food swamp in many aspects, however this creates a problem in the overall health aspect of the foods available.

This issue can be fixed with action upon a combination of issues surrounding health education, economic development, and access to nutritious food.  Simply adding a Whole Foods Market into the commercial food areas won’t solve this issue.  In that scenario, the Whole Foods Market wouldn’t get much business because the primary target market, the impoverished community, doesn’t know much about eating healthy, nor would they be ready to make such a huge change to their diet.  The consumers most likely don’t have the good health education as a result of their low land values, which leads to low school funding.  Families who grow up in these environments don’t know where healthy foods are, or how exactly to eat healthy, so they develop a generational habit of eating unhealthy foods.  This creates difficulty in families in this area to shop at the market, which could put the market out of business, making this environment to put the market less favorable than a suburban or wealthier neighborhood.  With improved economic development of the neighborhood of Linden, the schools would be better funded, which would begin a long term spark that would allow students to be interested eating healthier.  This would make areas like Linden more economically favorable to install a healthy food store without it being such the economic risk that it is now.

 

Blog 3: Concept Mapping

 

This concept map connects 3 core elements of city planning, including transportation, urban design, and natural environment.  All three of these elements are very important to creating a city that not only has longevity, but also creates a safe and happy society of citizens who want to benefit the world as much as the planners do.  In each of these elements, there’s a lot of substance that creates overlap and overall connection between the three.

 

A huge area of connection between urban design and transportation is traffic.  Depending on how the roads are set up, as well as how well the city’s connection through highway transportation and population, traffic can become a huge problem to deal with not only as a city planner, but also as the person driving vehicles.  It has a direct impact on how fast goods are imported and exported from from the city and to businesses within the city, which can directly impact the economy.  Traffic also conflicts with the time schedules of families and workers, as well as transportation systems within the cities such as buses and taxis.  Traffic and transportation also have a direct impact on the environment, as the carbon emissions from natural resources not only harm the environment of the city, but also the health of the whole world.  These issues can be hindered with green space, as the photosynthesis of the plants can reduce carbon emissions.  Green space can come as a result of parks and recreation, which is an important form of leisure for the citizens of the city that adds value to the city.  However it must be noted that a huge dictator of all of these elements and substances is the economy.  The economy is essentially the main health of a city, and the cost to maintain a good economy comes at the risk of these three elements, as well as the equality and values of the people.  As we see in the world today, the neglect of the natural environment to save the economy is directly affecting the health of the world today, shrinking humanities’s potential age by the second.

 

Cities Skylines does an overall excellent job at touching on all of 3 elements of city planning, as well as what substances directly effect them.  The urban design is entirely free to the player, however there are infinite designs to make with some being more efficient than others when incorporating all other elements of city planning including traffic and the natural environment.  Good transportation in Cities Skylines brings all parts of the city together for all of the citizens and tourists to enjoy and utilize to their advantage for their core values and goals.  Traffic is inevitable in a great city, however if traffic is a huge dictator of the operation of the city, there’s flaw in the urban design.   Cities Skylines touches the natural environment aspect of city planning, however it’s flawed in accuracy.  If natural resources and utilities are misused, it would have a direct impact on the health of the citizens and the economy.  However once the natural resources and utilities are sorted out away from the citizens, they don’t become a problem later on as they would in real life. Nonetheless, Cities Skylines touched on most of the important elements of city planning, making it a fairly accurate simulation.

Blog 2 – Neighborhood Planning

Ohio State Campus Planning

I love how this blog allowed me to explore an obscure part of campus across a pedestrian bridge with a BEAUTIFUL view of the lake, campus, and downtown Columbus!

 

Sidewalks

On campus, all of the sidewalks were perfectly lined with very adequate widths for walking.  It’s amazing how all of the sidewalks are all connected, even beyond streets and throughout campus.  A perfect example is how the sidewalks from Knowlton leads all the way to the Oval, a huge sequence of connecting sidewalks that makes navigating campus a lot quicker and efficient, as well as to West Campus.  The sidewalks on campus are all kept up and very clean, with no cracks or damage to be seen.  However, this all comes to a quite dramatic change once we move off campus where we would find more cracked and uneven sidewalks.  In the image below, there’s a sidewalk that stops and leads me into the street without a pedestrian cross lane.  Some of the sidewalks, such as the commercial side of High Street, also have brick decor implemented into it.  While this makes the side walk look beautiful, it makes the sidewalk a safety hazard when using a skateboard or scooter because the bricks make the smooth ground uneven and bumpy, which can cause whiplash, dizziness, and injury.

 

Street Safety

Within campus, all of the streets are small 2 lane roads with good sidewalks.  This combined with the low traffic on campus makes crossing the street very easy.  This is complemented by the traffic and pedestrian signals that are easy to see on the street.  However, like sidewalks, street safety becomes harder once the student moves off of campus and reaches the 4 lane roads like High Street.  High Street,  with it’s current state of construction and flawed student cross sections, is an example of where street safety could go wrong.  Because High Street is one of the largest main streets in Columbus with lots of business, there’s a lot of traffic and straight driving.  Therefore, once a car reaches a pedestrian crossing lane without a direct traffic signal, as shown in the first image below, it’s easy to miss this signal, if the signal is even there to begin with.  Most cars wont stop moving until the student just walks into the street, which is VERY dangerous.  Even at crossing intersections, some drivers will still make turns even when the cross signal says to cross.  Despite this, I found intersections to be an easier threat in Columbus with more consistent cross walking technology than Cleveland.

 

Traffic Flow

As mentioned earlier, there are mostly 2 lane roads on campus and 4 lane roads off campus on main streets.  Along the 2 lane roads, theres low traffic and good traffic signals for student safety.  On 4 lane roads, traffic is a lot higher, however that usually depends on the density of business along that street.  Traffic isn’t usually an issue on main streets such as Woodruff (Woodruff Bridge is the lowest image below.).  Main streets that intersect through campus, such as Woodruff and Neil, switch from 4 lane roads to 2 lane roads until it leaves the other end of campus.  This completely slows traffic within the campus area to keep students safe, so a faster route to drive could be around campus.  However streets that don’t cut through campus and remain 4 lane roads, like Lane and High, have higher traffic and higher risk.  High Street, being the most prominent main street on campus, has a lot of traffic issues with it’s construction and pedestrian cross sections.  As mentioned earlier, most cars drive past the pedestrian lines until the either the student crosses the street or a car stops at the pedestrian line.  When this happens, it could congest traffic unexpectedly without a traffic signal in sight.  This issue is made worse with the construction on the road, which completely closes off a full lane, which also congests traffic.

 

Building Use

Ohio State’s campus is mostly composed of residential and lecture halls, with lots of diversity depending on location.  A lot of the oldest buildings on campus are still available there.  Orton Hall is still the oldest building on campus, and University Hall, despite its multiple remodels in the past century, is the oldest building model on campus.  Ohio State’s campus shines in history and the building use is working to preserve the campus’ rich history.  Despite with OSU being the second largest college campus in the country, everything is within walking distance.  High Street, despite its prior issues, is one of the best zoned areas about campus.  Everything a student would want and need is there, including the best commercial restaurants country wide, really good small businesses, Target, Barnes and Noble, and much more.  It’s also a good road that links North Campus and South Campus.  It was a good idea for OSU to expand housing, recreation, and dining into North Campus instead of demolishing the buildings.  The hospital and water chilling stations are also zoned well.  The building shown below is the chiller station, which is put in a place on campus where most students don’t visit, which is 12th street where the hospitals are.  Despite hospitals being in an obscure place on campus, it very walkable which is EXTREMELY essential for the well being of the students.

 

 

Green Space

Ohio State shines green!  There are countless green spaces throughout campus such as the Oval, South Oval, Mirror Lake, the iconic Buckeye Grove, and the list goes on forever.  Not only does this make the air quality and green thumb at OSU amazing, it also creates an incredible area to relax, meet, and study.  Green spaces are also incorporated into the sidewalks as well.  There’s grass and trees planted along the sidewalks, and we can sometimes see this development.  This tour exposed me to the beautiful green space that is the riverwalk.  There’s a lot of preserved nature there and it’s as beautiful as it is a great place to jog, bike, skateboard, and relax.  While the many clouds of flies were a pain to walk through, its calming to know that they’re a result of nature.

Comprehensive Plan – Simulation v. Reality

Welcome to Crayland!  Crayland is a massive city with loads of uniqueness, fun, and pleasure upon living and touring.  This city is very attractive and appeals to a fast lifestyle with everything being in walking distance.  The city is very safe and has some of the best education in the country.  Feel free to explore all 9 districts of the city, including, Downtown Crayland, Kareem, Usher, Don, Leonard, Andrew, Love, Megan, and Esselburn!

Crayland has evolved rapidly within its 40 years of existence.  The city was founded in 2021.  It’s economy is driven by the heavy happiness of its population that’s been maintained ever since it was founded.    The economy is currently at its highest peak in it’s history, generating $50,000 of raw profit every day, and the city hasn’t borrowed a loan in 39 years.  Despite overcoming a water crisis in 2039, the average drinking water pollution is currently 0%!  Education, healthcare, fire safety, and crime safety has maintained its strong effectiveness since 2021.  With education levels currently at it’s peak, and a low crime rate of 6%, Crayland is one of the most educated and safest cities in the country.

Crayland currently has a population of 106,230 residents.  The first time the city has reached 10,000 residents was in 2031.  Since then, the city sped it’s growth rate to gaining 10,000 residents every 2-4 years.  The city is currently gaining 390 residents per day, and gains on average 200 residents per day.

Built Environment

Goal:

Raise the citizen’s happiness to 90%.

Strength:

  • High Office Happiness of 93%

Weakness:

  • Declining Commercial Happiness at 68%

Opportunity:

  • An increasing industry demand to increase goods to sell.

Threat:

  • Abandoned commercial zones
    • $34,000 loss of income.

Possible Actions:

  • Reduce traffic to fluctuate the goods being sent into the city for commercial buildings.

Housing

Goal: 

Increase Average Land value up to $65/m^2.

Strength:

  • High Average Land Value ( %59/m^2)

Weakness:

  • 2986 Unoccupied homes/Low demand

Opportunity:

  • Lots of extra space for housing

Threat:

  • Limited Land availability.

Possible Actions:

  • Zone more residential areas.
  • Add more parks and leisure to districts and residential areas.

Economic Development

Goal:  

Stay over a $15,000 income gap over expenses.

Strength:

  • $280,000 and increasing income from residential areas

Weakness:

  • Declining commercial income

Opportunity:

  • $280,000 of loans can be taken out when needed

Threat:

  • Decrease in all taxes would tank the economy dramatically.

Possible Actions:

  • Cut unneeded costs and lower budgets.
  • Increased sales policy after goods are sent to the commercial areas.

 

Transportation

Goal: 

Increase Transportation income by 50%.

Strength:

  • 3,200 users per week

Weakness:

  • Cost of Transportation is $38,000 over income.

Opportunity:

  • Increased activity and profit off of tourism and leisure.

Threat:

  • Costs of transportation could serve as a catalyst for bankruptcy in economic crisis.

Possible actions:

  • More transportation to more tourist buildings.
  • Removing certain unneeded lines or buildings.

Community Services and Activity

Goal:

Decrease traffic by 50%.

Strength:

  • 0.2% of population is uneducated

Weakness:

  • Very bad traffic

Opportunity:

  • The Medical Center monument can eliminate healthcare issues.

Threat:

  • Traffic issue could cause transportation issues among all places in the city.

Possible Actions:

  • Upgrade main roads.
  • Change intersections from residential areas to stop signs.

Parks and Recreation

Goal: 

Improve leisure within the city in local neighborhoods.

Strength:

  • Lots of leisure in Downtown and commercial areas

Weakness:

  • Low number of parks in neighborhoods.

Opportunity:

  • Lots of open space to install a park.

Threat:

  • Citizens could move out with low leisure.

Possible Actions:

  • Install Parks in residential area space.
  • Unlock more unique buildings.

 

Natural Environment

Goal:

Create an alternative water source off of the lake for more sewage treatment.

Strength:

  • 100% solar renewable resource usage.

Weakness:

  • The only lake in the city is completely brown.

Opportunity:

  • River space is the best source of unlimited fresh drinking water

Threat:

  • The river space is the next available space after the lake space is fully occupied.

Possible Actions:

  • Install water treatment plants downstream from pumping stations.
  • Build a canal downstream from the lake to the river.
  • Build Trees to reduce noise polution

 

Future Land Use Plan

Goal:

Connect the industry zone to a highway to export goods.

Strength:

  • Most available land is already occupied.

Weakness:

  • Effective transportation fixes involve tearing down residential areas.

Opportunity:

  • Lots of land free to use for extracting natural resources like oil.

Threat:

  • Large dip in the economy and population if residential areas are destroyed.

Possible Actions:

  • Tear down residential areas and commercial areas to build new highway.
  • Upgrade roads to reduce traffic to the highway.
  • Empty Landfills to free up space.

Implementation Strategy

The biggest issue that I must deal with at this time is traffic.  Traffic is very bad along the highway exits, main streets, and garbage and industry across the lake.  As a result, many services reliant on transport take longer to operate, which becomes the problems with land use, community service, transferred goods, and transportation.  I will solve this issue by building more entrances and exits on the highway, examine and switch certain intersection types, and build needed road shortcuts.  I will also free up space from arbitrary or space consuming utilities such as landfills.  This way I could add more space for residential neighborhoods and plazas.

Simulation V. Reality

In the simulation, following the comprehensive planning process is ultimately key to creating a well developed and rich city.  One of the first challenges the simulation would throw at you is the unlocking of hospital, and the second challenge is the police and fire station.  If these elements of health and public safety aren’t met in your city as soon as possible, citizens would die and move out of the city, which would heavily affect the public welfare, economy, and fiscal progress of the city as a whole, causing bankruptcy.  There would be many issues you would have to think to solve, and you would have to use all of the elements of the comprehensive plan to solve them.  For example, when I was first dealing with the water crisis, I implemented and formulated a possible solution to stopping citizens from getting sick.  My first plan was to change the piping out of polluted areas and relocate them around them.  I reviewed that plan and easily observed that the plan did little help in stopping the water crisis.  I then updated this plan by changing the location of the pumping stations away from drain pipes.  I saw that this plan was effective in stopping the water crisis, however there was another issue rising out of the drain pipes, as they were draining sewage into the river at high rate and turning the river brown.  I updated this plan by investing in water treatment plants instead of drain pipes because they drain less pollution into the river.  While there was significantly less pollution in the river, the treatment plants still left pollution in the river, which was flowing downstream.  This led to my final decision to move all of the treatment plants into the lake and leave the pumping stations in the river where the water wouldn’t be polluted anymore.

However, this simulation has many things missing from reality.  One huge element missing is eminent domain.  There were many instances where I’ve tore down houses and businesses to add parks, leisure, community service, and utilities.  In this simulation, I wouldn’t lose much money for just one house, however in reality, I could be sued for a million dollars for one house for those actions.  The city is also missing history and it’s impact on what can be put into the city.  There’s no forms of scientific and societal norms, which impacts the progress of certain buildings and behaviors of the people.  There aren’t any catastrophes or global pandemics to impact the economy and the people, who don’t have any personality or ideologies. The sense of personality is touched with Chirper, a Twitter inspired social media, however they don’t give deep insight of what the people truly thinks.  They only give the same repetitive complements or complaints of certain few decisions made with the addition of a building or lack there of.  Overall, the game does a decent job at simulating some of the most important elements of city planning like healthcare, crime, pollution, and zoning.