Prescribed Burn Toolkit References

Avitt, A. (2021, November 16). Tribal and indigenous fire tradition. https://www.fs.usda.gov/features/tribal-and-indigenous-fire-tradition

Butikofer, A., & Isom, B. (2022, September 13). Taking the “wild” out of wildfire. The Center for Growth and Opportunity at Utah State University. https://www.thecgo.org/benchmark/taking-the-wild-out-of-wildfire/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, May 18). Protect yourself from wildfire smokehttps://www.cdc.gov/air/wildfire-smoke/default.htm

Chan, M. S., & Albarracín, D. (2023). A meta-analysis of correction effects in science-relevant misinformation. Nature human behaviour7(9), 1514–1525. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-023-01623-8

Chang L. V. (2018). Information, education, and health behaviors: Evidence from the MMR vaccine autism controversy. Health economics27(7), 1043–1062. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.3645

Environmental Protection Agency. (2001). Chapter 16: Open Burning. https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-08/documents/iii16_apr2001.pdf

Ecker, U. K. H., Lewandowsky, S., Cook, J., Schmid, P., Fazio, L. K., Brashier, N., Kendeou, P., Vraga, E. K., & Amazeen, M. A. (2022). The psychological drivers of misinformation belief and its resistance to correction. Nature Reviews Psychology, 1, 12-29. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-021-00006-y

Federal Emergency Management Agency. (n.d.). Wildfire | What.https://community.fema.gov/ProtectiveActions/s/article/Wildfire-What

Hill, L. A. L., Jaeger, J. M., & Smith, A. (2022). Can prescribed fires mitigate health harm? A review of air quality and public health implications of wildfire and prescribed fire. PSE Healthy Energy. https://www.lung.org/getmedia/fd7ff728-56d9-4b33-82eb-abd06f01bc3b/PSE_Wildfire-and-Prescribed-Fire-Brief_FINAL_2022.pdf

Hornik, R., Kikut, A., Jesch, E., Woko, C., Siegel, L., & Kim, K. (2021). Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample. Health communication36(1), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1847437

Hoshiko, S., Buckman, J. R., Jones, C. G., Yeomans, K. R., Mello, A., Thilakaratne, R., Sergienko, E., Allen, K., Bello, L., & Rappold, A. G. (2023). Responses to Wildfire and Prescribed Fire Smoke: A Survey of a Medically Vulnerable Adult Population in the Wildland-Urban Interface, Mariposa County, California. International journal of environmental research and public health20(2), 1210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021210

Kerlin, K. (2022, April 7). How indigenous practices can help forests thrive. https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/cultural-burning-illuminated

Kittler, B. (2022). What you need to know about controlled burns. American Forestshttps://www.americanforests.org/article/what-you-need-to-know-about-controlled-burns/#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20Forest%20Service%20estimates,contained%20within%20the%20predetermined%20area

Long, A., & Oxarart, A. (2017).  What the Research Says: Prescribed Fire and Wildfire Risk Reduction. Southern Fire Exchangehttps://southernfireexchange.org/wp-content/uploads/2017-1.pdf

McCaffrey, S. M. (2006). Prescribed fire: what influences public approval?https://www.nrs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/gtr/gtr_nrs-p1/mccaffrey_p1_192.pdf

Melvin, M. A. (2020). 2020 National prescribed fire use report. https://www.stateforesters.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2020-Prescribed-Fire-Use-Report.pdf

Mississippi Forestry Commission. (n.d.). Prescribed fire benefits. https://www.mfc.ms.gov/burning-info/prescribed-burning/prescribed-fire-benefits/#:~:text=Prescribed%20burning%20stimulates%20seed%20germination,many%20birds%2C%20mammals%20and%20reptiles

National Association of State Foresters. (2023, January 6). Partners publish 2021 report on prescribed fire use in the U.S. https://www.stateforesters.org/newsroom/2021-report-on-prescribed-fire-use-in-the-u-s/#:~:text=The%202021%20National%20Prescribed%20Fire,and%20private%20lands%20in%202020

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (2023, August 18). Outdoor workers exposed to wildfire smoke.https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/firefighting/wffsmoke.html

National Park Service. (2022, January 12). Wildfires, Prescribed Fires, and Fuels. Wildland Fire Program. https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1965/wildfires-prescribed-fires-fuels.htm#:~:text=Wildland%20fire%20is%20an%20overarching,fire%20to%20meet%20park%20objectives.

National Park Service. (2023, February 8). Spring prescribed fires planned in cades cove.https://www.nps.gov/grsm/learn/news/spring-prescribed-fires-planned-in-cades-cove.htm

National Wildfire Coordinating Group. (2020, November). NWCG smoke management guide for prescribed fire.https://www.nwcg.gov/sites/default/files/publications/pms420-3.pdf

National Wildlife Federation. (n.d.). Invasive Species. https://www.nwf.org/en/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Threats-to-Wildlife/Invasive-Species

North Carolina State University. (2021, November 22). Ask an expert: why is prescribed fire important?https://cnr.ncsu.edu/news/2021/11/why-is-prescribed-fire-important/

Northwest Fire Science Consortium. (n.d.). What is fire intensity?https://www.nwfirescience.org/sites/default/files/publications/FIREFACTS_Intensity_0.pdf

Ohio Department of Natural Resources. (n.d.). Prescribed fire in Ohio. https://ohiodnr.gov/discover-and-learn/safety-conservation/about-ODNR/forestry/fire-management-program/prescribed-fire#:~:text=Prescribed%20fires%20may%20be%20conducted,of%20the%20Division%20of%20Forestry

Oregon Prescribed Fire Council. (n.d.). Smoke management. https://www.oregonrxfire.org/smoke-management.html

Perkins, S. (2022, June 24). Earth’s oldest known wildfires raged 430 milion years ago.https://www.sciencenews.org/article/earth-oldest-wildfire-430-million-years-ago-fossil-charcoal

Smokey Bear. (n.d.). Prescribed fires. https://smokeybear.com/en/about-wildland-fire/benefits-of-fire/prescribed-fires

Swendler, J., Fulks, W., & Leis, S. (2013). Great Plains fire communication kithttps://gpfirescience.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/GPECommKit20132-1.pdf

The Nature Conservancy. (2024). Rx: Fire. https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where-we-work/united-states/oregon/controlled-burns/

U.S. Bureau of Land Management. (2023, October 4). BLM officials to conduct controlled burnshttps://www.blm.gov/press-release/blm-officials-conduct-controlled-burns

U.S. EPA. (2023, November 2). Health effects attributed to wildfire smoke. https://www.epa.gov/wildfire-smoke-course/health-effects-attributed-wildfire-smoke

U.S. EPA. (2024, February 8). Which Populations Experience Greater Risks of Adverse Health Effects Resulting from Wildfire Smoke Exposure? https://www.epa.gov/wildfire-smoke-course/which-populations-experience-greater-risks-adverse-health-effects-resulting

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. (2023, October 3). Prescribed fires scheduled october through bebruary at turnbull national wildlife refuge. https://www.fws.gov/press-release/2023-10/prescribed-fires-scheduled-turnbull

U.S. Fire Administration. (2022, June 8). What is the WUI? https://www.usfa.fema.gov/wui/what-is-the-wui.html

USDA Forest Service. (n.d.-a) Prescribed Fire. https://www.fs.usda.gov/managing-land/prescribed-fire

USDA Forest Service. (n.d.-b). Prescribed fire – frequently asked questions.https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/uwcnf/landmanagement/resourcemanagement/?cid=fsem_035438#:~:text=Prescribed%20fire%20projects%20usually%20last,maple%2C%20and%20aspen%2Foak

Weir, J. R. (2017). The best time of year to conduct prescribed burns. Oklahoma State University Extensionhttps://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/the-best-time-of-year-to-conduct-prescribed-burns.html

Western Fire Chiefs Association. The Pros and Cons of Prescribed Burns. https://wfca.com/wildfire-articles/the-pros-and-cons-of-prescribed-burns/

Wu, H., Miller, Z. D., Wang, R., Zipp, K. Y., Newman, P., Shr, Y. H., Dems, C. L., Taylor, A., Kaye, M. W., & Smithwick, E. A. H. (2022). Public and manager perceptions about prescribed fire in the Mid-Atlantic, United States. Journal of environmental management322, 116100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116100

EPA’s Public Participation Guide https://www.epa.gov/international-cooperation/public-participation-guide-view-and-print-versions

Morse, S. (n.d.) Managing Fire. US Fish & Wildlife Service. https://www.fws.gov/story/managing-fire

Rizza, J. (2022). Planning a Prescribed Burn. Oregon State University – OSU Extension Service. https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pub/em-9343-planning-prescribed-burn

National Wildfire Coordinating Group. (2021). NWCG Prescribed Fire Plan Template. https://www.nwcg.gov/publications/484-1