Jess’s Annotated Bibliography

Carroll, Warren H. “Honoring Christopher Columbus.” Honoring Christopher Columbus, 1999,

www.ewtn.com/library/homelibr/columbus.htm.

Summary: Columbus was ill prepared to sail across an unknown ocean to find Asia. He did study the wind patterns before sailing but logically things could not have made it to Asia floating through the sea. Columbus’ courage is what gave him the honor. When Columbus landed he called the natives “Indians” because he believed he was in the indies of asia. Columbus blamed the Indians for his troubles and then took thousands in as slaves. After hearing of how horrible Columbus was, Isabel sent someone to replace him. Columbus’ cruelty was not directed at the Indians but only at the fact he could not control his Spainards. His discovery of the new world ended cannibalism and human sacrifice.

Wright, Mark Antonio. “Christopher Columbus and the New World.” National Review, 12 Oct. 2015,

www.nationalreview.com/article/425389/christopher-columbus-and-new-world-mark-antonio-wright.

Summary: Columbus is a slaver, capitalist and murderer. His trip was only made out of greed and created the horrifying Columbian exchange. Diseases such as small pox killed most of Western life.

A graduate student at University of Oklahoma tried to change the name to “Indigenous Peoples day”. A Columbus statue was spray painted with “black lives matter”. Columbus Day was associated with a celebration of American Experience. Columbus was charged today of ideas that were common among sailors then. Sees Columbus as a good man.

“Effects of European Colonization: Christopher Columbus and Native Americans.” Study.com, Study.com,

<study.com/academy/lesson/effects-of-european-colonization-christopher-columbus-and-native-americans.html.>

Summary: God, gold, and glory. Over three million people on the island died by slavery, war, or the mines. 90% of Indians died due to European diseases such as smallpox. The search for precious metals turned out to be a bust because the metals from Europe were more valuable. Natives had to trade to get such items made of steel because they did not have the raw materials or knowledge to make it.

History.com Staff. “Christopher Columbus.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009,

www.history.com/topics/exploration/christopher-columbus.

Summary: Columbus was born in Italy but survived a boat accident and floated to Lisbon to study math, astronomy, and navigation. He believed it would be easier to sail to Asia westward and got the support he needed in Spain. August 3rd, 1492, Columbus sailed off in the Pinta, Nina, and Santa Maria. He was promised 10% of all riches. Landed in the Caribbean on October 12, then returned to Spain in March with a settlement left behind. This settlement was ransacked and Columbus left his brothers to fix it. When he returned about a year later there was a revolt against his brothers. Columbus was arrested and on his last voyage was attacked by natives in Panama. He did not discover the Americas before the Vikings but he did inspire exploration among many. While he inspired exploration, he did use harsh treatment to get his name.