Progress Summary

Below is a list of the East Africa Vegetable IPM success so far:

  • Baseline bio-social surveys completed in three countries.
  • Field trials, demonstrations of IPM technologies, and IPM packages are in progress.
  • Two very successful workshops:
    • Pest & Disease Diagnosis (August 2016 at Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute);
    • Seedling Health Workshop (February 2017 at Sokoine University of Agriculture).
  • New focus on health seedling production and IPM packages for tomato, onion, brassicas.
  • Two graduate students at OSU, one at VT and four in the region.
  • Two gender experts working on the project.
  • High level of participation from women and men at meetings and workshops.
  • Engagement with value chain partners and private sector in Kenya and Tanzania.
  • Strengthened inter- and intra-country linkages at annual meeting in Meru, Kenya.
  • Established a diagnostic network for communication among IPM practitioner communities in 4 countries.
  • Expanding the diagnostic network to farmer organizations and village level.

Technologies introduced in the project are as follows:

TANZANIA:
For Tomato-

  • Mulching (organic materials and  plastic)
  • Pests identification and scouting
  • Pesticides handling and application safety
  • Seedling Nursery soil /media sterilization
  • Seed treatment
  • Exploitation of crop/variety resistance
  • Reduced pesticide application regimes (Only when necessitated by occurrence or likelihood of occurrence of pest)
  • Crop rotation
  • Farm Record keeping
  • Use of Chlorinated water for produce shelf life improvement
  • Exploitation of crop/variety resistance
  • High tunnels
  • Grafting for management of soil borne diseases
  • Use of Zero Energy Cool Chamber storage for produce shelf life improvement
  • Use of plant extracts and microbial pesticides as alternative to chemical pesticides
  • Proper pesticides rotations

For Onion-

  • Mulching (organic materials and  plastic)
  • Pest identification and Scouting
  • Stale beds technique for weed management
  • Crop fertilization
  • Pest repellent and attractant (trap) crops/plants
  • Use of plant extracts and microbial pesticides as  alternative to chemical pesticides
  • Exploitation of variety resistance

For Brassicas-

  • Use of bio-slurry and bio-pesticides
  • Use of overhead irrigation to interrupt mating of DBM
  • For Cucurbits (priority in Tanzania only)- Grafting
  • Use of bio-slurry and bio-pesticides

MARI

  • Quality seed – obtained from reliable commercial seed dealers
  • Fumigation – with USAID and TPRI approved pesticides (DELTAPAZ 25 EC – Deltamethrin 2.5%) for control of insects in the trial area before transplanting.
  • Insect proof screens such as high tunnels – during seedling production. For control of insect vectors and others into the screenhouse.
  • Botanical pesticides – Neem oil (Nimbecidine) for control of insects (in general) and vectors of viral diseases such as aphids, whiteflies, thrips and leafhoppers.
  • Insecticides – approved by USAID and registered by TPRI for control of viral disease vectors.
  • Weeding – to keep out possible alternative host plants for viruses and insect vectors.
  • Shining white plastic mulch – for insect control to avoid settling of insects into the vegetable trials
  • Staking
  • Pruning
  • Spacing

KENYA

  • Solarization in nursery bed to reduce soil borne pests and pathogens
  • Use of insect proof netting to reduce pests in nursery beds
  • Establishment of seedlings in germination trays with coco peat and peat moss
  • Hot water treatment of seeds to reduce seed borne inocula
  • Use of tomato as a trap crop for aphids in brassicas
  • Scouting to inform on decision to initiate control measures
  • Use of Trichoderma in the management of nematodes of French beans
  • Rouging to control viral diseases
  • Spot spraying and rouging to control aphids in brassica
  • Use of superior varieties and plant resistance in the management of bacterial wilt of tomato
  • Seed and seedling selection for plant vigour and inherent resistance

ETHIOPIA

Several technologies are being tested on farms but not yet introduced as recommendations. These include:

  • Two insecticides being tested for Tuta control; Indoxacarp (Avaunt 150 SC) and Emamectin Benzoate. PERSUAP will be pursued for both if effective.
  • Screen cover netting for virus vector exclusion.
  • Herbicides on onions for Portulaca control.

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